Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts
Ammonium polyphosphate
CAS: 68333-79-9
Molecular Formula: H12N3O4P
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Names and Identifiers
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | H12N3O4P |
| Molar Mass | 149.086741 |
| Density | 1.74[at 20℃] |
| Vapor Presure | 0.076Pa at 20℃ |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Storage Condition | −20°C |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Ammonium polyphosphate can be divided into three types based on its degree of polymerization: low polymer, medium polymer, and high polymer. The higher the degree of polymerization, the smaller the water solubility. According to its structure, it can be divided into crystalline and amorphous types. Crystalline ammonium polyphosphate is water insoluble and long-chain polyphosphate. There are five variants from I to V type. |
| Use | Inorganic additive flame retardant, used in the manufacture of flame retardant coatings, flame retardant plastics and flame retardant rubber products, etc. It is mainly used in intumescent fire retardant coatings and thermosetting resins (such as polyurethane rigid foam, UP resin, epoxy resin, etc.), and can also be used for flame retardant of fiber, wood and rubber products. Since the APP has a high molecular weight (n>1000) and high stability, it can also be used as a main active ingredient of intumescent flame retardant thermoplastics, especially in PP up to UL 94-Vo for the manufacture of electronic parts. |
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Upstream Downstream Industry
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Fang Lu, Lu Ning, Wu Yanan. Application of orthogonal test method in the study of intumescent fire-retardant coatings [J]. Guangdong chemical industry, 2017, 44(012):51-52. 2. Wu Yanan, Lu Ning. Experimental study on the effect of zinc Borate on the performance of intumescent fire retardant coatings [J]. Guangdong chemical industry, 2018, 045(002):44-45. 3. Wu Yanan, Lu Ning. Experimental study on flame retardancy and smoke suppression of water-borne intumescent fire-retardant coatings by zinc aluminate [J]. Journal of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 2018, 039(003):52-56. 4. Si, Fan, et al. Degradation of ronidazole by electrochemically simultaneously generated persulfate and ferrous ions." Chemosphere 238 (2020): 124579.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124579 5. [IF=7.086] Fan Si et al."Degradation of ronidazole by electrochemically simultaneously generated persulfate and ferrous ions."Chemosphere. 2020 Jan;238:124579 |
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless transparent viscous liquid. Deliquescence. It can be miscible with water and hydrolyzed to orthophosphoric acid without crystallization. Corrosive.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
synthesis method: phosphoric acid and phosphorus pentoxide are heated for polymerization reaction, and hydrogen peroxide is added to remove iron ions in the solution. After purification, cooling and filtration are carried out to prepare a multi-phosphoric acid product.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:02:30
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
is a Class II inorganic acid corrosion articles, risk code number: GB 8.1 class, 81505. Should be stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse, the container must be sealed. It is not allowed to be stored and mixed with alkaline substances, flammable substances, oxidants, etc. Transport should be protected from rain and sun. Light when loading and unloading
To prevent the leakage of the container rupture. White glass bottle with 500mL screw mouth, rubber cap sealing, 1kg net weight of each bottle. Coat the wooden box, between the box and the bottle with plastic ring pad, each box 12 vials. When there is a fire, it can be suppressed by sand and dry powder fire. Toxicity and protection: see industrial phosphoric acid.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:02:31
Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is a nitrogen-containing phosphate, white powder. Ammonium polyphosphate according to its degree of polymerization size, can be divided into oligomeric, Poly, high Poly three. The greater the degree of polymerization, the smaller the water solubility. The crystalline ammonium polyphosphate is a water-insoluble and long-chain polyphosphate. There are five variants from I to V. The high degree of polymerization of crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate due to water insoluble, high decomposition temperature, and polymer materials and good compatibility, the use of polymer materials has a significant advantage. Compared with halogen-containing flame retardant, crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate has the characteristics of low toxicity, low smoke and inorganic, and is a new type of efficient inorganic flame retardant. |
| Use | ammonium polyphosphate is a polyphosphate containing N and P, abbreviated as APP. According to its degree of polymerization, can be divided into three kinds of oligomerization, polymerization and polymerization. When the degree of polymerization is below 20, it is called oligomerization and is water-soluble. When the degree of polymerization is above 50, it is called high polymerization and can be used as a flame retardant. In the 80's, considering the price, cost and other factors, oligomeric water-soluble APP is mainly used in the flame retardant of cellulose materials such as paper, wood and so on. Ammonium polyphosphate with high degree of polymerization is widely used in intumescent fire retardant coatings, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, epoxy resin, rubber products, fiberboard and dry powder fire extinguishing agent. It is a safe and efficient nitrogen and phosphorus non-halogenated smoke suppression flame retardant. as a flame retardant used in flame retardant fiber, wood, plastic, fire retardant coatings. It can be used as fertilizer. inorganic additive flame retardant, used in the manufacture of flame-retardant coatings, flame-retardant plastics and flame-retardant rubber products, etc. tissue improver; Emulsifier; Stabilizer; Chelating agent; Yeast food; Curing aid; water-binding agent. For cheese, etc. |
| production method | obtained by heating and melting urea and phosphoric acid and then polymerizing in a 220 ~ 250X: heating bed. ebullated bed method → The bed layer was cooked to 220-250 ℃ with resistance wire. 1050 parts of urea and 100 (85% parts of phosphoric acid) were melted in a steam jacketed and stirred tank and fed to the top of the bed at a rate of 120 parts per hour. The gas (mainly containing ammonia and carbon dioxide) passes through the cyclone separator and the bag filter and then returns to the lower part of the corridor layer, and the recovered powder returns to the bed layer. The resulting product is essentially a water-insoluble form II crystalline polyammonium nitrate. The product was discharged from the bed and cooled to room temperature. The final ammonium polyphosphate was obtained by crushing to the required particle size. n HPO4 +(n-1)(NH2)2CO →(NH4)n + 2PnO3n +1 +(n-4)NH3 +(n-1)CO2 |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts
四氟乙磺酸内酯
2-METHYLPROPANAL SODIUM BISULFITE
2,4-Dichlorphenyl cellosolve
133739-70-5
二硫化硒,硫化硒
D-Tryptophan, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-1-pentyl-
2-Butenoic acid, 4-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-2-methyl-, ethyl ester
苯并[b]噻吩-5-羧酸
2-CYANO-N-(4-SULFAMOYL-PHENYL)-ACETAMIDE
四氟乙磺酸内酯
2-METHYLPROPANAL SODIUM BISULFITE
2,4-Dichlorphenyl cellosolve
133739-70-5
二硫化硒,硫化硒
D-Tryptophan, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-1-pentyl-
2-Butenoic acid, 4-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-2-methyl-, ethyl ester
苯并[b]噻吩-5-羧酸
2-CYANO-N-(4-SULFAMOYL-PHENYL)-ACETAMIDE
Raw Materials for Polyphosphoric acids, ammonium salts